What device converts alternating current to direct current?

The device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) is the rectifier. This process is essential in many electrical applications where DC is required, such as in battery charging and powering electronic devices.

A rectifier functions by allowing current to flow only in one direction, effectively transforming the AC waveform—characterized by its alternating positive and negative cycles—into a unidirectional output, which is the direct current. This is achieved through the use of semiconductor diodes or other switching mechanisms, which block one half of the AC cycle while allowing the other half to pass.

Understanding the role of a rectifier is crucial in applications involving power supplies, as it ensures that devices receive the appropriate type of current for operation, thus maintaining stability and functionality.