What filtration methods are commonly used in water treatment plants?

The commonly used filtration methods in water treatment plants include sand filtration, membrane filtration, and carbon filtration. Sand filtration is a traditional method that effectively removes suspended solids and impurities from water through the use of sand beds, which serve as a physical barrier. Membrane filtration is a more advanced technique that utilizes semi-permeable membranes to remove contaminants at a microscopic level, including bacteria and even some dissolved substances. Carbon filtration, often in the form of activated carbon, is primarily used for the removal of organic compounds, chlorine, and other tastes and odors, improving water quality.

Together, these three methods cover a broad range of contaminants, enhancing the treatment process to ensure safe and clean drinking water. This combination of filtration techniques is essential for meeting regulatory standards and providing high-quality water to consumers.