Which of the following is a primary concern of using chlorine in water treatment?

The primary concern of using chlorine in water treatment revolves around its potential to create harmful byproducts. When chlorine is used to disinfect water, it can react with organic matter present in the water, leading to the formation of byproducts such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). These compounds have been associated with various health risks, making it essential to monitor their levels in treated water. While chlorine is effective in killing pathogens and is commonly used due to its cost-effectiveness and ease of storage, the formation of these byproducts raises significant public health concerns and requires regulatory attention to ensure safe drinking water.